New data released on 30 November 2025 by the National Syndemic Diseases Control Council (NSDCC) reveals that Nairobi County has recorded the highest number of fresh HIV infections in Kenya over the past year, renewing alarm among health authorities as the country marks World AIDS Day.
According to the report, Nairobi registered 3,045 new HIV cases in 2024, surpassing all other counties. Nationwide, Kenya logged 19,991 new infections — a 19 per cent increase from the previous year.
Health officials say the surge is driven in large part by young people. Individuals aged 15–34 accounted for 54 per cent of the new infections nationwide.
Young women in urban areas appear disproportionately affected. Low testing rates, inconsistent condom use and limited access to prevention services — particularly in informal settlements — are cited as key contributors.
The NSDCC report also raises concern over rising AIDS-related mortality. In 2024, the number of deaths from HIV-related causes reached 21,007 — up from 18,473 in 2023.
Authorities warn that this reversal of downward trends jeopardises Kenya’s progress towards ending HIV as a public health threat by 2030.
To stem the tide, calls are growing for intensified, tailored interventions. These include expanded testing, better access to prevention tools — such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) — and targeted outreach in high-risk communities, including informal settlements and among young people.
As Nairobi leads this troubling resurgence, experts emphasise that renewed vigilance and collective action will be critical if Kenya is to reclaim ground in the fight against HIV.
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